Merge pull request 'feat: SQLite → PostgreSQL 迁移代码改动' (#6) from feat/postgres-migration-and-bootstrap-script into main

Reviewed-on: #6
This commit was merged in pull request #6.
This commit is contained in:
2026-05-29 15:44:40 +08:00
6 changed files with 271 additions and 19 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
"""convert savings_record.dishes from json to jsonb
PG only. SQLite 上 JSON/JSONB 都是 TEXT, 此迁移是 no-op。
Revision ID: ef96beb47b1e
Revises: c8d9e0f1a2b3
Create Date: 2026-05-29 10:57:21.471774
"""
from typing import Sequence, Union
from alembic import op
from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB
revision: str = 'ef96beb47b1e'
down_revision: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = 'c8d9e0f1a2b3'
branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
def upgrade() -> None:
if op.get_bind().dialect.name != "postgresql":
return
op.execute(
"ALTER TABLE savings_record "
"ALTER COLUMN dishes TYPE JSONB USING dishes::JSONB"
)
def downgrade() -> None:
if op.get_bind().dialect.name != "postgresql":
return
op.execute(
"ALTER TABLE savings_record "
"ALTER COLUMN dishes TYPE JSON USING dishes::JSON"
)
+14 -8
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@@ -27,19 +27,25 @@ def _ensure_sqlite_dir(url: str) -> None:
_ensure_sqlite_dir(settings.DATABASE_URL)
_is_sqlite = settings.DATABASE_URL.startswith("sqlite")
# SQLite 跨线程访问要 check_same_thread=False;PG/MySQL 不需要这个参数
_connect_args: dict = {}
if settings.DATABASE_URL.startswith("sqlite"):
if _is_sqlite:
_connect_args["check_same_thread"] = False
engine = create_engine(
settings.DATABASE_URL,
connect_args=_connect_args,
_engine_kwargs: dict = {
"connect_args": _connect_args,
# echo 在 dev 下打 SQL,生产关掉
echo=settings.APP_DEBUG and not settings.is_prod,
future=True,
pool_pre_ping=True,
)
"echo": settings.APP_DEBUG and not settings.is_prod,
"future": True,
"pool_pre_ping": True,
}
# SQLite 用单文件不需要池;PG/MySQL 必须显式池化 + recycle 防 idle 断连
if not _is_sqlite:
_engine_kwargs.update(pool_size=10, max_overflow=20, pool_recycle=3600)
engine = create_engine(settings.DATABASE_URL, **_engine_kwargs)
SessionLocal = sessionmaker(bind=engine, autocommit=False, autoflush=False, expire_on_commit=False)
+4 -3
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@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ from __future__ import annotations
from datetime import datetime
from sqlalchemy import JSON, DateTime, ForeignKey, Integer, String, func
from sqlalchemy import DateTime, ForeignKey, Integer, String, func
from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB
from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
from app.db.base import Base
@@ -28,8 +29,8 @@ class SavingsRecord(Base):
title: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(128), nullable=True)
# 店铺名(订单明细卡标题,如「窑鸡王(王府井店)」)
shop_name: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(128), nullable=True)
# 菜品名列表(JSON),前 2 道直接展示,其余收进「还有 N 道菜」展开。SQLite 存为 TEXT。
dishes: Mapped[list[str]] = mapped_column(JSON, nullable=False, default=list)
# 菜品名列表(JSONB),PG 上可建 GIN 索引,前 2 道直接展示,其余收进「还有 N 道菜」展开。
dishes: Mapped[list[str]] = mapped_column(JSONB, nullable=False, default=list)
# 来源:demo(演示) / compare(真实比价上报)
source: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=False, default="compare")
+25 -8
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@@ -15,20 +15,37 @@ alembic upgrade head
---
## 1. 首次初始化(clone 后)
### 1.1 用 PostgreSQL(推荐,与生产一致)
前置:本机已装 PostgreSQL 16 + 知道 postgres 超级用户密码。
```bash
# (1) 装依赖(在你的虚拟环境里)
# (1) 装依赖(在你的虚拟环境里, 含 psycopg)
pip install -e .
# (2) 配 .env(从模板复制,至少填 JWT_SECRET_KEY)
cp .env.example .env
# (2) 一键建用户 + 建库 + 写 .env + 跑迁移
python scripts/init_postgres.py
# 按提示输入 PG 超级用户密码即可。脚本会:
# - 自动建业务用户 shaguabijia_app + 业务库 shaguabijia
# - 自动生成业务用户强密码,写入 .env 的 DATABASE_URL
# - 跑完 alembic upgrade head
# (3) SQLite 默认库需要 data/ 目录存在
# (3) 启动
./run.sh
```
可用环境变量提前指定(免交互):
```bash
PG_SUPER_PASS=xxx APP_DB_PASS=yyy python scripts/init_postgres.py
```
脚本幂等,重复跑会重置业务用户密码、跳过已存在的库。
### 1.2 用 SQLite(本地开发临时用,不接生产链路时)
```bash
pip install -e .
cp .env.example .env # 不动 DATABASE_URL, 默认 sqlite:///./data/app.db
mkdir -p data
# (4) 跑迁移建表 —— 关键
alembic upgrade head
# (5) 启动(run.sh 会自动重跑 3+4,所以平时直接 ./run.sh 也行)
./run.sh
```
> 也可以直接 `bash scripts/migrate.sh` 只做迁移、不启服务(部署/CI 用)。
+3
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@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@ dependencies = [
"sqlalchemy>=2.0.35",
"alembic>=1.13.3",
# PostgreSQL 驱动 (psycopg3, SQLAlchemy 2.0 时代默认, 不要再装 psycopg2)
"psycopg[binary]>=3.1",
# JWT 签名 / 校验
"pyjwt[crypto]>=2.9.0",
+189
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@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
"""Bootstrap PostgreSQL: 建用户 + 建库 + 授权 + 写 .env + 跑迁移。
新机器初始化用。前置:已装 PostgreSQL 16 + 知道 postgres 超级用户密码。
用法:
python scripts/init_postgres.py
环境变量(可选,不填会交互式问):
PG_HOST PG 主机, 默认 localhost
PG_PORT PG 端口, 默认 5432
PG_SUPER_USER 超级用户, 默认 postgres
PG_SUPER_PASS 超级用户密码 (不填会 getpass 交互输入)
APP_DB_NAME 业务库名, 默认 shaguabijia
APP_DB_USER 业务用户名, 默认 shaguabijia_app
APP_DB_PASS 业务用户密码 (不填会自动生成强密码)
幂等:已存在的用户/库不会重复建,已配的 .env 会被覆盖前提示。
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import getpass
import os
import secrets
import subprocess
import sys
from pathlib import Path
try:
import psycopg
from psycopg import sql
except ImportError:
print("❌ 缺 psycopg。先跑: pip install -e .")
sys.exit(1)
ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
ENV_FILE = ROOT / ".env"
ENV_EXAMPLE = ROOT / ".env.example"
def env_or_input(key: str, prompt: str, default: str = "", secret: bool = False) -> str:
val = os.environ.get(key, "").strip()
if val:
return val
if secret:
return getpass.getpass(f"{prompt}: ").strip()
suffix = f" [{default}]" if default else ""
raw = input(f"{prompt}{suffix}: ").strip()
return raw or default
def ensure_role(conn: psycopg.Connection, user: str, password: str) -> None:
# 注意: CREATE/ALTER USER 不支持参数化密码, 必须用 sql.Literal 内联
with conn.cursor() as cur:
cur.execute("SELECT 1 FROM pg_roles WHERE rolname=%s", (user,))
if cur.fetchone():
print(f" · 用户 {user} 已存在, 重置密码")
cur.execute(
sql.SQL("ALTER USER {} WITH PASSWORD {}").format(
sql.Identifier(user), sql.Literal(password)
)
)
else:
print(f" · 创建用户 {user}")
cur.execute(
sql.SQL("CREATE USER {} WITH PASSWORD {}").format(
sql.Identifier(user), sql.Literal(password)
)
)
def ensure_database(conn: psycopg.Connection, db: str, owner: str) -> None:
with conn.cursor() as cur:
cur.execute("SELECT 1 FROM pg_database WHERE datname=%s", (db,))
if cur.fetchone():
print(f" · 数据库 {db} 已存在")
return
print(f" · 创建数据库 {db} (owner={owner}, encoding=UTF8)")
cur.execute(
sql.SQL("CREATE DATABASE {} OWNER {} ENCODING 'UTF8'").format(
sql.Identifier(db), sql.Identifier(owner)
)
)
def grant_all(conn: psycopg.Connection, db: str, user: str) -> None:
with conn.cursor() as cur:
cur.execute(
sql.SQL("GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE {} TO {}").format(
sql.Identifier(db), sql.Identifier(user)
)
)
def write_env(database_url: str) -> None:
if not ENV_FILE.exists():
if ENV_EXAMPLE.exists():
ENV_FILE.write_text(ENV_EXAMPLE.read_text(encoding="utf-8"), encoding="utf-8")
print(f" · 从 .env.example 复制出 .env")
else:
ENV_FILE.write_text("", encoding="utf-8")
lines = ENV_FILE.read_text(encoding="utf-8").splitlines()
new_lines = []
replaced = False
for line in lines:
if line.startswith("DATABASE_URL="):
old_url = line.split("=", 1)[1]
if old_url.strip() and old_url.strip() != database_url:
ans = input(f"\n.env 里已有 DATABASE_URL=\n {old_url}\n覆盖吗? [y/N]: ").strip().lower()
if ans != "y":
print(" · 保留原 DATABASE_URL")
new_lines.append(line)
replaced = True
continue
new_lines.append(f"DATABASE_URL={database_url}")
replaced = True
else:
new_lines.append(line)
if not replaced:
new_lines.append(f"DATABASE_URL={database_url}")
ENV_FILE.write_text("\n".join(new_lines) + "\n", encoding="utf-8")
print(f" · 写入 .env -> DATABASE_URL")
def run_alembic_upgrade() -> bool:
print("\n[3/3] 跑 alembic upgrade head")
try:
subprocess.run(
[sys.executable, "-m", "alembic", "upgrade", "head"],
cwd=ROOT,
check=True,
)
return True
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
print(f"❌ alembic 失败: {e}")
return False
def main() -> int:
print("=" * 60)
print("PostgreSQL 初始化脚本 — shaguabijia-app-server")
print("=" * 60)
host = env_or_input("PG_HOST", "PG host", "localhost")
port = env_or_input("PG_PORT", "PG port", "5432")
super_user = env_or_input("PG_SUPER_USER", "PG superuser", "postgres")
super_pass = env_or_input("PG_SUPER_PASS", "PG superuser password", secret=True)
db_name = env_or_input("APP_DB_NAME", "App database name", "shaguabijia")
db_user = env_or_input("APP_DB_USER", "App database user", "shaguabijia_app")
db_pass = os.environ.get("APP_DB_PASS", "").strip()
if not db_pass:
db_pass = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
print(f" · 自动生成业务用户密码: {db_pass}")
print(f"\n[1/3] 连接 PG (host={host}:{port}, user={super_user})")
try:
conn = psycopg.connect(
host=host, port=int(port), user=super_user, password=super_pass,
dbname="postgres", autocommit=True,
)
except psycopg.OperationalError as e:
print(f"❌ 连不上 PG: {e}")
print(" 检查 1) PG 服务是否在跑 2) 超级用户密码是否正确 3) 端口防火墙是否放行")
return 1
print("\n[2/3] 建用户 + 建库 + 授权")
with conn:
ensure_role(conn, db_user, db_pass)
ensure_database(conn, db_name, db_user)
grant_all(conn, db_name, db_user)
database_url = f"postgresql+psycopg://{db_user}:{db_pass}@{host}:{port}/{db_name}"
write_env(database_url)
if not run_alembic_upgrade():
return 1
print("\n" + "=" * 60)
print("✅ 全部完成")
print(f" DATABASE_URL = {database_url}")
print(" 下一步: 启动服务 -> ./run.sh 或 uvicorn app.main:app --reload --port 8770")
print("=" * 60)
return 0
if __name__ == "__main__":
sys.exit(main())